BAZYL S. M. Scientific activity of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Fibre Crops (1951 – 1960)

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       The article deals with the post-war formation and scientific activity of the All-Union Research Institute of Fibre Crops in Hlukhiv (Sumy region). During 1951 – 1960 scientists of its institute made the first steps of studing and changing the process of their process of mechnizing and harvesting of fibre crops. The All-Union Research Institute of Fibre Crops is one of the oldest research institutions in Ukraine. The All-Union Hemp Research Institute was founded in 1931. The aim of this institution was solving a number of important issues in the field of hemp platting in Hlukhiv. Scientific activity of the scientists of the Institute was known not only in the USSR, but also far beyond its borders. Recognition of the work of the institution was the award of Stalin Prize of the third degree to its scientists S. Volovyk, G. Goncharov, P. Kotukhov in 1950.

      The restoration and development of agricultural research in post-war years took place quite slowly. The war led to the weakening of the material and technical base of scientific institutions, the deterioration of the culture of agriculture, reduced yields, reduced staff numbers, shortages of skilled scientific personnel. The collective farm system did not allow to quickly raise production. Collective farmers' pay was very low, elderly peasants did not receive pensions, the collective farmers did not have passports and could not leave the village without the permission of the authorities. Therefore, in the early 1950's, agricultural productivity of the Ukrainian SSR remained low. The economic situation of the country was difficult.

      Agricultural scientists were supposed to provide a comprehensive research work of research institutions from the beginning of scientific development to the completion and introduction of research results into production, combine scientific research with the educational process, and promote the convergence of agricultural science and higher education in the country. Important tasks were put by the state and in front of research institutions.The history of the establishment and development of the institute in the twentieth century was studied selectively by the specialists-agrarians V. Virovets, V. Sytnyk, M. Mygal, P. Goloborodko, I. Laiko, R. Gilyazetdinov in the light of bibliography and therefore it needs a detailed study investigation and systematization. The main sources of writing the article were the protocols of the Academic Council of the Institute (1950 – 1960), reports, personal affairs of the Institute's staff, scientific publications of the institution and materials of local newspapers.

Key words: All-Union Research Institute of Fibre Crops, hemp, monecious, dioecious hemp, scientific activity, postgraduate students.