MOSHYK I. V. Hlukhiv pedagogical institute in 1920-1940

    The article analyzes the history of the Hlukhiv Institute in the 1920-1940s. For twenty years, the university has survived the liquidation and several reorganizations. At first it was transformed into the Pedagogical Institute (1917), and later into the Institute of Public Education (1921), the Pedagogical College (1925), the Institute of Social Education (1930), the Pedagogical Institute (1934), and the Teacher Institute (1937).
   During the Civil War and the formation of Soviet power, the Institute turned into the intellectual center of the region. Excellent teachers worked in it: Andreeva A., Voitenko I. (chemistry teachers), Holubev V. (teacher of Russian language and literature), Hurba O. (teacher of German language), Ivanytsky S., Fedorenko V. (history teachers), Kolubovsky Ya. (Teacher of psychology), Yahodovsky K. (teacher of pedagogy), I. Kukhtenko (teacher of mathematics). Unfortunately, in 1924, in connection with the liquidation of the university, they moved to other institutions. In the early 1930s extraordinary personalities also worked at the institute (Yu. Rozhkov, Hvozdetsky, Suknevych). However, the best teachers of the institute were forced to leave the pedagogical field due to party purges and repressions.
    As a result of systemic purges, the Soviet leadership also succeeded in “updating” the student environment. By the mid-1920s the lion's share of students came from peasant and working families. According to the ideological requirements of the time, the educational process was reformed. The lecture system was replaced by the brigade system; the institution’s pupils were massively involved in the “cultural revolution” and collectivization in the early 1930s. The educational process was complicated and even paralyzed by material difficulties due to the devastation caused by the Civil War, collectivization and the Holodomor of 1932 – 1933 , and the Second World War.
    Keywords: institute, technical school, Hlukhiv, teacher, repression, collectivization.