LATYSH Iu. V. Historiography of the Chornobyl disaster

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     The article deals with the historiography of the Chornobyl disaster. The study is an analysis of scientific studies devoted to the causes and consequences of the Chornobyl disaster. In focus are its social and political aspects. The object of the study is scientific and popular work, which highlights the social and political aspects of the Chornobyl disaster. The subject of research is the process of the birth, formation and development trends of historiography Chornobyl disaster. The focus of the questions researchers are withholding information about the crash, the impact of Chornobyl on the collapse of the Soviet Union, the intensification of opposition, environmental, national movements and formation of civil society, the heroism of the liquidators, the social consequences of the tragedy, the transformation of lifestyles, values and everyday behavior Post-Chornobyl men.

     After 1991 established the conditions for a comprehensive study of the social and political aspects of the Chornobyl disaster. In the works of Ukrainian historians highlighted the socio-political and scientific-technical prerequisites accident; its initial efforts to minimize and resolve problems caused by the accident; Information situation in the country, which led to a drop in public confidence in the government; the reaction of the international community; the question of determining the status of the affected population, residents of contaminated areas, financial support of Chornobyl, the closure of Chornobyl and its socio-economic impact, impact on the development of civil society in Ukraine, etc.

     In the West, the study of Chornobyl is problematic in the context of transnational and global history, history of new environmental studies and disaster studies. In studies of the Ukrainian diaspora had crystallized view of Chornobyl as a "national tragedy" caused by the stateless status of Ukraine, at the same time as the precursor collapse of the "Soviet Empire" impulse to the awakening of Ukrainian society: from Chornobyl to independence. Many researchers argues that the Chornobyl disaster has caused irreparable blow to the image of the Soviet Union in the world, on the legitimacy of Soviet power and the system of Soviet socialist politics by Perestroika and Glasnost. Chornobyl did not become a lesson for the world, nuclear safety is threatened.

Keywords: Historiography, the Chornobyl disaster, accident, Chornobyl Nuclear Рower Рlant, research.