KASIANOVA N. M. Social adaptation and integration of organized displaced population in the Ukrainian SSR (1940-60-ies)

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      In the post-war years, the lack of internal sources of labor supply due to natural growth and from the local population required special forms and methods of attracting the able-bodied population from the Soviet government and party leadership to the most important national economic objects of the country, which were agricultural resettlement and organized recruitment of workers. The effectiveness of the policy of territorial redistribution of the population depended not so much on the scale of the organized mechanical movement, but rather on the degree of adaptation and integration of those displaced in new places.

     In the article on the basis of historiography and archive sources, the process of adaptation of the organized displaced population in the Ukrainian SSR in the 1940s-1960s is being investigated. The author defines and analyzes the main factors that influenced the process of adaptation and integration of immigrants into the environment, namely: gender, marital status, family ties, level of education. Within the framework of the article, attention is focused on the totality of factors that adversely affected the settling process of immigrants.

     It was revealed that organized recruitment of workers for enterprises and construction projects in the country were mainly carried out from single young people of working age. It was the young age, which simultaneously had a generative function, facilitated the adaptation process. However, material and domestic difficulties contributed to fluidity, complicated the process of subsidence. Resettlement by families was carried out in the agricultural southern regions of the Ukrainian SSR. Since family decisions were made to move much more difficult than solitary ones, this direction required additional mass-explanatory work from the Soviet government and the party leadership.

       It is concluded that agricultural migrants and workers of organized recruitment having found themselves in a new place and wishing to settle in a permanent place of residence, had to go from social adaptation to the integration of the environment. Obviously, we can assume that the adaptation ended when the state of psychological comfort was achieved. Different people needed a different amount of time and different expenditure of effort to achieve this status. It depended on the degree of differences in the conditions on the old and new places ofшкольна residence, on the personal characteristics of the settlers and most importantly, on what the person hoped to receive and received in reality. At the same time, the connection of the people adapting to places was much stronger than that of the local population. This is explained by the higher level of physical and emotional forces expended by settlers on socialization in new places.

Key words: agricultural resettlement, organized recruitment of workers, adaptation, integration.