OLIYNYK T. N. Development of methods of cellular selection in institute of kanatopryarstan naan in the second half of the nineteenth century

   The article deals with the question of the formation and development of biotechnological methods in the scientific activity of the Institute of Potato Science of the NAAS in the village of Nemishaive of the Kyiv region. It was in the second half of the nineteenth century when the first steps were taken to study the method of cellular selection of potatoes, which allowed the creation of a genetic diversity of the original breeding material and potato varieties Olbia and Favar.
   The Institute of Potato Studies of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine is the leading scientific institution that conducts research on potato-growing issues and provides scientific support to the industry. The urgent task in the selection process is the creation in a relatively short period of high-quality varieties resistant to the negative effects of the environment. This necessitates the search for new methods and approaches for breeding, which in turn requires breeders to increase the genotypic variability of the source and breeding material and increase the share of valuable recombinations.
   Since the establishment in 1984 at the Institute of Cellular Selection Laboratory, research has been initiated using cell selection methods, which allows them to be considered as stages of an integrated selection process that combines traditional classical selection and cellular technology. Employees of the laboratory developed a system of tests for the selection of cell lines resistant to: to the causative agent of ring rot, on the basis of toxin; Phytophthora, using phytotoxic metabolites of the fungus; fusariosis (selective factors - fusaric acid, toxin T-2); drought and high temperatures. 
   The history of the formation and development of biotechnological methods at the institute in the second half of the nineteenth century was studied selectively by agricultural specialists P. Tesliuk, Yu. Vermenkov, O. Opanasenko, T. Oliynyk in the light of bibliography, and therefore requires detailed study and systematization. The main sources of writing the article were the scientific works of the Institute's staff.
   Key words: Institute of potato cultivation, NAAS, potato, method of cell selection, selective factor, source material, resistance to phytopathogens, variety.